German immigration to Brazil
periods from 1824 to 1969
Cenforce learn more is a popular medication used to treat erectile dysfunction. It contains the active ingredient sildenafil citrate, which helps men achieve and maintain an erection. German immigration to Brazil began in the 19th century, when thousands of Germans left their homeland in search of a better life. They settled in the southern states of Brazil and established successful businesses and farms. German immigrants have had a lasting impact on Brazilian culture, contributing to the country's cuisine, music, and architecture.
When Germanic immigrants
first arrived in Brazil
starting at the beginning of
the 1800's they did not
identify themselves so much
as a unified
German-Brazilian group.
However, as time went on
this common regional
identity did emerge for many
different
geo-socio-political reasons.
Germans immigrated mainly
from Germany, but also from
Switzerland, Austria, and
Russia. Some of them came
from Spanish-speaking Latin
American countries.
From 1824 to 1969, around
250.000 Germans emigrated to
Brazil, being the fourth
largest immigrant community
to settle in the country,
after the Portuguese,
Italians and Spaniards. The
majority of them arrived
between the I and the II
World War. The number
250,000 may be a serious
undercount, for there to be
10 million people of German
or partial German descent
would require at least twice
this number of immigrants in
the time period given above.
It is a known fact that many
immigrants were not counted.
Often the spouses of
immigrants were not listed
as having entered the
country.
German settlement in Brazil
During the 19th century, German
immigrants in Brazil settled
mostly in rural areas, named
colony (col�nia in
Portuguese). These colonies had
been created by the Brazilian
government, and the lands were
distributed between the
immigrants. They had to
construct their own houses and
cultivate the land. The
immigration started in 1824,
when the first group of Germans
arrived in Brazil to S�o
Leopoldo, in the State of Rio
Grande do Sul, southern Brazil,
after 4 months traveling. They
were in total 39 people, being
33 Lutherans and 6 Catholics.
Germans came to
Brazil to work as
farmers because
there were many
lands without
workers. The
Brazilian government
had promised large
lands to attract the
immigrants, where
they could settle
with their families
and colonize the
region. In fact,
these lands were in
the middle of big
forests and the
first Germans had
been abandoned by
the Brazilian
Government. The
first years were not
easy. Many Germans
died of tropical
disease, others left
the colony to find
better life
conditions. In fact,
the German colony of
S�o Leopoldo was a
disaster.
Nevertheless, in the
next years other
8.000 Germans
arrived to S�o
Leopoldo, and then
the colony started
to develop, and the
immigrants
established the town
of Novo Hamburgo (New
Hamburg). From
S�o Leopoldo and
Novo Hamburgo the
German immigrants
spread into others
areas of Rio Grande
do Sul, mainly close
to spring of rivers.
All the region of
Vale dos Sinos
has been populated
by Germans. During
the 1830's and part
of 1840's German
immigration to
Brazil was
interrupted due to
conflicts in the
country (War of the
Farrapos).
The immigration
restarted after 1845
with the creation of
new colonies. The
most important ones
were Blumenau, in
1850, and Joinville
in 1851, both in
Santa Catarina state
and attracted
thousands German
immigrants to the
region. Some of the
mass influx was due
to Revolutions of
1848 in the German
states. Nowadays
these areas of
German Colonization
are among the
wealthiest ones of
Brazil, with the
lowest levels of
unemployment and
illiteracy found in
the country, and
still remain a
strong influence
from the German
culture.
Urban Germans in
Brazil
Not all Germans who
settled in Brazil
became farmers. In
the early 20th
century, very few
rural areas of
Southern Brazil were
desert. Most of them
had been settled by
German, Italian and
Polish immigrants
during the 19th
century. With this
situation, most
Germans who
immigrated to Brazil
during the 20th
century settled in
big towns, although
many of them also
settled in the old
rural German
colonies. The German
immigration to
Brazil had its
largest numbers
during the 1920s,
after World War I.
These Germans were
mostly middle-class
laborers from urban
areas of Germany,
different from the
poor agriculturists
that settled in the
colonies of Brazil
during the 19th
century.
During the 1920s and
1930s, Brazil also
attracted a
significant number
of German Jews, who
settled mostly in
S�o Paulo.
Germans participated
actively in the
industrialization
and development of
big cities in
Brazil, such as
Curitiba and Porto
Alegre.
After World War II,
the nationalist
Brazilian President
Get�lio Vargas had
forbidden the use of
German language in
Brazil, and the
German immigration
became very low.
Language
Most German-Brazilians speak
only Portuguese nowadays.
This is mainly due to the
prohibition of German
teaching in schools and the
publication of German
newspapers (together with
Italian and Japanese) during
World War II, when Brazil
broke off relations with
Germany (and also with the
other Axis Powers Italy and
Japan of Axis Powers).
However, German is still
spoken by over 600,000
Brazilians, as first or
second language.
Riograndenser Hunsr�ckisch
is the Brazilian variety of
the Hunsr�ckisch dialect (a
European German dialect)
that best represents, at
least in terms of total
numbers, the German speaking
regional culture of southern
Brazil. Notably, other
German dialects became part
of the southern Brazilian
cultural/regionalist
landscape. For example
Plautdietsch/Pommersch (or
Pomeranian) and Swabian (or
Schw�bisch) amongst many
others.
German as a regionalism in
the south of Brazil is
mostly a spoken, family and
community language today.
People tend to avoid
speaking it in public and
with persons outside of
their closest social
circles.
Religion
Most of the
German-Brazilians are Roman
Catholics or Lutherans
(Evangelical Lutheran Church
of Brazil and the
Evangelical Church of
Lutheran Confession of
Brazil) ,but with
significant Jewish,
Mennonite and Adventist
German communities. Germans
were the first people to
establish a Protestant
church in Brazil.
World War II and
assimilation
When Germans first
arrived to Southern Brazil
in 1824, they found a
country with a climate,
vegetation and culture very
different from those of
Germany. Southern Brazil was
a land of gauchos, cattle
herders who used, and still
live, in the Pampas region
of Southern Cone. In the
next decades, however, waves
of Germanic immigrants
arrived, to the point that
in many areas of Southern
Brazil the vast majority of
the inhabitants were Germans
and even after 3 or 4
generations born in Brazil,
these people used to
consider themselves as
Germans.
In 1910, 20% of Rio Grande
do Sul's population only
could speak German and a
higher number was bilingual,
speaking both German and
Portuguese. In 1940, there
were 1 million people of
German origin living in
Brazil, in a national
population of 40 million
souls. During the II World
War, in 1942, Brazilian
ships were attacked by
Germans and, influenced by
the USA's government, Brazil
declared war against
Germany. Afraid that the
German community of Brazil
could rebel against the
Brazilian government, the
President Get�lio Vargas
initiated a strict program
of forced cultural
assimilation - Nationalism -
that worked quite
efficiently, if not
initially. He forbade any
manifestation of the German
culture in Brazil. German
schools were closed, houses
with German architecture
were destroyed and the use
of the German language in
Brazil was also forbidden.
Since then, the southern
Brazilian German regional
language/culture is in full
decline. Some decry it as a
tragic loss for the country
while others feel very
strongly that this means
national progress.
Most German-Brazilians just
started to get married out
of the German community
after the 1940's. Some of
them mixed with other
Europeans, such as
Portuguese, Italians and
Poles. A few also have mixed
with Afro-Brazilians (the
most famous being until
today the soccer player
Arthur Friedenreich) and
Brazilian native Indians.
The German influence in
Brazil
Germans are regarded as good
industrialists in Brazil,
manufacturing shoes, leather
goods, furniture, textiles,
charcoal, mechanical
devices, etc, as well as
good farmers. Many Brazilian
towns were built under
German architecture.
Many aspects of Brazil's
culture was influenced by
Germans. Today Brazil hosts
an Oktoberfest in Blumenau,
Santa Catarina, which is
second only to Munich,
Germany in size. Beer itself
is said to be brought by
German immigrants.
They spread out the
Protestant faith (especially
Lutheranism) and were the
first people to cultivate
wheat and to raise swine in
Brazil. The regions heavily
settled by Germans in Brazil
still retain a strong
Germanic influence.
There are no trustworthy
sources as of the exact
number of German-Brazilians
in existence today. However,
most estimates indicate that
around 10 million Brazilians
have German ancestry [1].
The largest concentrations
of people of Germanic origin
in Brazil are found in the
states of Santa Catarina
(35% Germanic) and Rio
Grande do Sul (30%
Germanic).
During the 1960's, many of
the settlers returned to
Germany or Austria.
Forty-two families left in
1963 alone. As of 1992, only
about 5% of the original
houses still remained, the
rest having been replaced by
more permanent structures.
About 2,000 of the settlers
and their descendants still
make their homes here,
continuing to speak the
Donauschw�bische dialect.
Note: Deutschbrasilianer
sometimes also is spelled 'Daitschbrasilaner',
'Deitschbralianer', 'Taitschbrasilianer',
'Taitschbrasiliooner' or 'Taitschbrasilioona',
etc...
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Nationality & Decade
Nationality 1824-47: Germans
8.176
Nationality 1848-72:
Germans 19.523
Nationality
1872-79: Germans 14.325
Nationality 1880-89: Germans
18.901
Nationality
1890-99: Germans 17.084
Nationality 1900-09: Germans
13.848
Nationality
1910-19: Germans 25.902
Nationality 1920-29: Germans
75.801
Nationality
1930-39: Germans 27.497
Nationality 1940-49: Germans 6.807
Source: Brazilian Institute
for Geography and Statistics
(IBGE)
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