1492: The Petherdö-Pethö family had estates in what is
today’s Jetscha.
1552 - 1717: Under Turkish occupation
1717 - 1739: The first Swabian migration and system of colonisation of the remains of the
villages (Perjamosch, St. Peter, Sarafalva, St. Nikolaus) in the alluvial flatlands. Jecsa was
put under the control of the court chamber.
21.7.1718: Peace treaty of Passarovitz. After 164 years the Banat was once again free of the
Turks.
28.6.1719: Establishment order by the crown to Count Mercy, which forms the foundation of the
first Swabian migration.
1723: Setting up of a German commercial society under the presidency of Count Wallis.`
1718 - 1733: Fieldmarshal Count Claudius Franz Mercy becomes Governor of Temesch Banat, with a
break between 1719 and 1722. Canalisation of the Bega with four sluices in Temeschburg
1736 - 1739: War between Austria, Russia and Turkey. Death of Prince Eugen.
8.8.1736: Recruitment of German colonists begins again - the second Swabian migration.
1737: Austrian - Turkish war.
1739: Austrian troops under Marshal Wallis are defeated in Belgrade. Walachei and Orschowa
are given to the Turks.
1744: Start of a new recruitment drive of settlers.
1750: From 1750 onwards Gross Jetscha was part of the ‘Schatzkammer-Heide’, i.e. the tenants
or lease holders were members of the tenants society of the Southern Hungarian Treasury chamber.
Also, administrative reforms in Austria are made, based on the Prussian model.
1751: Abolition of the military administration. Jecsa now in the Temesch district and Pakatz
ward.
1754: A large portion of the swamp has been drained with the completion of the Ittebe canal.
25.2.1763: Colonisation commission by Queen Maria Theresia forms the foundation of the second
great Swabian migration, although the colonisation does not take place until between 1765 and
1771.
1763 - 1777: The second Swabian migration. Colonisation of wasteland. Advance from the South
to the East in the central heathland. Villages of the North-Eastern heathland (Lowrin, Pesak,
Neusiedel) are eventually developed by internal migration.
1765: The newly drained area is leased to cattle dealers who thereby earned 30,000 Gulden
annually.
18.6.1766: A decree that every village is to have a priest and a teacher and that there should
be a doctor in every second village.
1765: Josef II, son of Maria Theresia is co-regent until 1780.
1766: Part of the Gross Jetscha area was pasture land for 408 horses and 612 cattle. In Klein
Jetscha there were 200 horses and 300 cattle (well above average). In the ‘Banater Akten’ of
the Viennese Court chamber, Gross Jetscha is mentioned in the ‘Schlafkreuzerrechnungen’. This
was a payment made by the Austrian crown to those villagers who let new settlers spend the night
in their houses when their own houses had not yet been completed.
1767: Colonisation of the village through the Hildebrand council administration. 202 houses,
plus church and school built on one square kilometre of the village area. A parish is set
up.The construction of a school built of stamped earth is begun. The first priest is Jakob Issel
(1719 - 1808), who is priest of Gross Jetscha from 1767 - 1805.
1769: Three bells are purchased with a donation by the crown.
1770: Construction of the church begins.
13.4.1771: Announcement that all further settlers will have to pay their own way from now on.
1772: 861 inhabitants.
1775: School reform.
1776: Number of landowners owning less than 10 acres = 8; 10 - 100 acres = 197; more than
100 acres = ?? In 1776 there were 547 acres of communal pastureland; in 1878 there were 373
acres and in 1936, 355 acres.
1777: Gross Jetscha has 958 inhabitants.
1778: 211 houses; 144 school age children; teacher’s salary is ‘100 Gulden, 60 strumpets of
fruit and 6 fathoms of wood’ (according to L. Hoffmann).
6.6.1778: Banat is given to Hungary.
1779: Division of the district. Jetscha now belongs to Torontal county until 1849.
4.11.1780: Consecration of the church in honour of St. Karolus Borromeus.
1780: Josef II ascends the throne of Austria.
1781: Biled, Jetscha, Perjamosch, Gertianosch and the Pakatz estate are sold to the Agramer
diocese (Lowrin to the Liptay family, Hatzfeld to Count Csekonics). Repeal of Komitats
constitution in Hungary.Strengthening of Germanness.
1782: Reforms by Josef II harm the clergy and the aristocracy and damage the national feeling
of the people (‘Toleranzedikt’).
1784: Josef II proclaims German to be the sole official language.
1785: Abolition of hereditary serfdom.
1788: Turkish invasion; refugees from Werschetz neighbourhood shelter in Gross Jetscha.
1792: 1,281 inhabitants.
1796: Land clearance and cultivation is completed.
1802 - 1850: Lifetime of author Nikolaus Lenau.
1813: Konrad Staudt, builder of the church altar, dies at the age of 103. Two bells
purchased. High tide.
1821: 1,808 inhabitants.
1834: Church is whitewashed. Election of a judge (Johann Wetzler).
1835: Large altar picture is purchased.
2.5.1836: New church organ is set up.
17.7.1836: Cholera strikes. 117 deaths in seven weeks.
1837: A crucifix is set up on the road to Klein Jetscha.
1840: Aigner Ludwig, writer and publisher, is born (dies in 1948). With the construction of
the village of Neusiedel (Uihei) comes the end of original total colonisation of Gross Jetscha.
1844: Law introduced that Hungarian is now the official language.
1845: Judge Peter Michels is elected.
1846: The cemetery is bounded by a brick wall and fencing is put around the church garden.
1846 - 1847: Construction of stretch of railroad between Orawitza -Rakasdia - Weisskirchen -Basias
is begun. Work is interrupted in 1848, continued in 1850 and completed in 1855. Opened in 1858.
1848: Revolution in Vienna. Abdication of Ferdinand II. Franz-Josef I dissolves Hungarian
parliament; Hungarian parliament does not recognise the Austrian change of throne.
1849: Austrian troops occupy Pest (in Hungary); Austrian parliament is dissolved; Austria is
declared an independent, indivisible, insoluble monarchy. Austrian army invades Hungary.
8.8.1849: Father Josef Burg receives the Kaiser’s troops in the village.
2.10.1849: The ‘Petition of Bogarosch’ was the first political step taken by the Danube
Swabians and contained a request to appoint a ‘Swabian Count’. The petition was signed by the
judges and jurors of the following villages: Gertianosch, Gross Jetscha, Klein Jetscha,
Hatzfeld, Grabatz, Lowrin, Billed, Nakofalva, Csatat, Bogarosch, Gottlob, Alexanderhausen and
Ostern.
1849: 13 Hungarian Generals are executed, General Görney is interned, Count Batthyany is shot.
1850: Hungary becomes Austrian crown land. The parish hall is built. Very cold winter.
1850 - 1860: Instead of the ‘rights of the heir to the farm’ law, a free division of the
property is now permitted. The number of daily labourers rises because of lack of a work force
and fewer children being born to the large farmers.
1852: Commencement of building the old school.
1853: Village church is renovated.
1854: The old school has another storey added.. The house numbers are changed.
1855 - 1856: ‘Maria-Mädchenverein’ (Association of Our Lady’s Virgins') is founded. The Land
Register is introduced.The church is repaired.
1857: Stretch of railroad between Temeschburg - Hatzfeld - Kikinda - Szegedin - Budapest is
officially opened.
1863: High tide.
1867: ‘Ausgleich’ between Austria and Hungary (double monarchy). Banat is annexed to Hungary.
Start of Magyarisation.Abolition of ‘rights of the heir to the farm’ law reaches Gross Jetscha,
too.
1868: Law of Nationality by the Hungarian Minister, Franz Deak, allows the use of the German
language in the schools.
1870: High tide.
1878: Division of the fallow field.
1880: First houses of fired bricks are built.
1883: The ‘Burial Association’ (‘Leichenverein’) is founded (300 members).
1886: New cemetery is built.
1888: The Pakatz estate is sold.
1895: The first wave of emigration to America. The second wave is from 1900 - 1914. A
registry office is situated in the parish hall up until 1895.
1897: A great storm.
1898: ‘Ortsnamengesetz’ (Law of village names) - all villages in Hungary must bear Hungarian
names. The new village school is built.
1902: Gravel road to Gertianosch is constructed. First bicycle appears.
1906: ‘Weidengesellschaft’ (Pastureland Society) is founded. The mill is built.
1907: Karl Becker’s ‘Zephir’ textile factory has 25 employees.
1908: First machine mowers.
1910: Church and presbytery are repaired. ‘Rosenkranzverein’ (Rosary Society) is founded.
House numbers are changed.
1912: New church organ (replaces the 1836 organ) and new main altar statue.
1914: First World War.
1918: Three church bells are donated towards the war effort (the church has only one bell
between
1918 - 1926: Peace Treaty of Trianon.
1.12.1918: Banat, Siebenbürgen and Burzenland are given to Romania.
Sept 1918 - Aug 1919: Under Serbian sovereignty.
Aug 1919: Under Serbian sovereignty.
30.8.1919 - 24.9.1919: Without sovereignty.
24.9.1919: Romanian sovereignty.
Sept 1920: As from the school year of 1920 there are 7 classes (only 6 until now). Three new
church bells are purchased.
1923: The first two ‘Ford’ tractors appear in the village (Jochum and Dohr).
15.8.1925: Foundation stone of ‘Banatia’ is laid.
1925: Temesch-Torontal county is re-divided; Hatzfeld district with Gross Jetscha and 15
other parishes.
1926: The last church tower clock is installed. The Fire Brigade Association (‘Feuerwehrverein’)
is founded.
15.8.1926: The War Memorial is unveiled.
29.4.1928: Dr. Fritz Klingler’s Heimatmuseum is officially opened in house number 341.
1929: The Region of Temeschburg is set up.
1931: Number of village inhabitants: 2,396 Germans, 63 Romanians, 51 Hungarians, 2 Serbs.
1936: The cultivated land is divided into wheat (50%); maize/corn (30%); forage plants
(12%); industrial plants (5%); Vegetables + wine (3%). There are 336 houses on one square
kilometre of village land.
1942: Flooding.
1955: The church roof is renewed.
24.12.1955: Electric lighting for the first time in the church.
1971: The church is repainted and the altar renovated using contributions from the community.
1975: The clock tower is painted and the church organ is tuned and fitted with a powered air
supply by Professor Kindel.
