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Atrocities Against The Danube Swabian in Yugoslavia - Starting in 1944
The Eight Liquidation Camps
In addition to the numerous local work camps and central camps the Tito regime established a third
category, "special camps." In the Batschka, they consisted of the entire villages Jarek, Gakowa and Kruschiwl. They were already established during the end-phases of the war. In the Banat too, entire
villages such as Rudolfsgnad and Molidorf were designated as "special camps." For the relatively few
Germans that did not flee from Syrmia, the silk factory at Mitrowitz was converted into the
notorious liquidation camp, whereas in Slavonia, sections of the villages Kerndia and
Valpovo were fenced in and made into death camps. The first liquidation camp was established on
December 2, 1944 at Jarek and the last, Rudolfsgnad, was closed in March 1948.
A map visualizing the genocide ("the cleansing" 1944-1948) of the ethnic German minority (Danube Swabians) in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia's northern regions. The last concentration camps were closed in 1948, on the anniversary of the arrival of the first German settlers in 1748.
+2012 Molidorf | + 7767 Rudolfsgnad | + 5827 Gakowa | +5240 Jarek | +2103 Kruschiwl | +18 Mitrowitz | +101 Kerndia | +393 Valpovo
Camp Molidorf | Molin (Banat)
Established: September 1945 for the ethnic Germans of the North and Middle Banat
Original size of community: 1,200
Number of internees: 5,000 - 7,000
Duration of camp: September 1945 - April 1947 (20 months)
Casualties: about 3,000 (2,012 documented by name)
Main causes of death: starvation, typhus, malaria
Camp Rudolfsgnad | Knicanin (Banat)
Established: October 10, 1945 for unfit for work ethnic Germans, particularly of the Middle and
South Banat.
Original size of the town of Rudolfsgnad: 3,200
Number of internees, average: 17,200 average (maximum: 20,500)
Duration of camp: October 10, 1945 to mid-March 1948 (29 months)
Casualties: about 11,000 (7,767 documented by name)
Main causes of death: starvation, typhus, malaria
Concentration camp for the unfit to work, primarily for the Middle and West Batschka.
Original number of inhabitants of the town of Gakowa: 2,700
Number of camp inmates: 17,000
Duration of camp: March 12, 1945 - beginning January 1948 (33 months)
Casualties: Approximately 8,500 (5,827 documented by name)
Main causes of death: starvation, typhus, dysentery, malaria
Established: December 2, 1944 as a concentration camp for the unfit to work of the South
Batschka
Original number of inhabitants of the community Jarek: 2,000
Average number of camp inmates: 15,000
Duration of camp: December 2, 1944 - April 17, 1946 (16.5 months)
Casualties: at least 7,000 (5,240 documented by name)
Main causes of death: typhus, dysentery, exhaustion, dystrophy
Camp Kruschiwl
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Krusevlje [Batschka]
Established as a concentration camp for the unfit to work of the West and North Batschka.
Original number of the inhabitants of the village of Kruschiwl: 950 (900 ethnic Germans)
Average number of camp inmates: 7,000
Duration of camp: March 12, 1945 - December 10, 1947 (33 months)
Casualties: 3,000 - 3,500 (2,100 documented by name)
Main causes of death: starvation, typhus, dysentery
Camp Mitrowitz
| Svilara
| Sremska Mitrovica [Syrmia]
Average number of camp inmates: 1,200
Duration of camp: Aug 1945 - May 1947 (21 months)
Casualties: 2,000
Main causes of death: Hunger, cold, typhoid, dysentery
Camp Kerndia
| Krndija [Slavonia]
Average number of camp inmates: 3,000
Duration of camp: Aug 1945 - May 1946 (9 months)
Casualties: 1,500
Main causes of death: Starvation, typhus
Camp Valpovo
| Walpach [Slavonia]
Average number of camp inmates: 3,000
Duration of camp: May 1945 - May 1946 (12 months)
Casualties: 1,200
Main causes of death: Dystrophy, dysentery, typhus
Sterntal
Tüchern |
These were death camps for Slovenian and
Croatian soldiers who had fought on the German side for Slovenian "class enemies" and in
general for Gottscheer and German-Untersteirer. These were built in Slovenia and the Lower
Styria. Current estimates in both camps together were 2,000 deaths. |
Published at dvhh.org by Jody McKim, May 12, 2010
Last Updated: 28 Dec 2020
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Webmaster: Jody McKim Pharr
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