Billed was
established in
1765 during the
Grosser Swabian
Treck
(1763-1772),
under empress
Maria Theresia.
Village plans
from Vienna were
used to build
villages in the
Banat. Maria
Theresia and
Billed should
take over a
model roll as
one of the first
reestablishments
of the
settlement
period.
For 252 houses
were
established. A
house was
intended for the
church and one
for the school.
However the
structure of the
village did not
precede straight
exemplarily.
Because of the
late beginning
of building
activity, only
in September or
October, and
other lack of
organization
only 30
families
finished houses
in the old lane
at the beginning
of the winter.
Already in 1765
families for
Billed were
quartered over
the winter in
other villages,
predominantly in
Neubeschenowa
and St. Andreas.
Some families
found themselves
living holes dug
in the ground.
the fact that
the settlers
temporarily
lived in such
primitive
dwellings.
In the following
year 1766 the
construction
work was
advanced
briskly, so that
at the beginning
of September
could refer to
202 families
houses. Twenty
houses were
referred only in
1767. The
settlers houses
were built from
excrement bricks
and covered with
reed. They had
one room each at
the roadside, in
Billed .one
room called, a
kitchen, a
second room,
called Kammer, a
storage room (Speisse),
and finally a
stable under the
same roof. The
houses were 3
Klafter broadly
and 10 Klafter
long and had
south laterally
in each case an
open hall
(Gang).
Building of
houses were
participated
intensively,
built to a large
extent probably
under guidance
by craftsmen.
Many walls were
rammed, which
went faster and
was cheaper. A
cost comparison
in the work. In
late the
settlement in
the Banat by
George Reiser
confirms that in
Billed also
walls were
rammed. The 252
houses became
reciprocally
one-sided along
the five
parallel running
old lane,
secondary lane,
church lane,
fourth lane and
sour land lane
and along the
Zwerchgasse,
northern cross
lane mentioned..
According to the
Impopulations
main instruction
a pub and a
local
administration
house in a
Kolonistenhaus
were furnished
from the outset.
Also school
teaching and
service took
place up to the
building of the
church and the
school in
particularly.