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A Remembrance of the Past; Building for the Future." ~ Eve Eckert Koehler



Remembering Our Danube Swabian Ancestors
     
 

Revolt of the Settlers

by Stefan Schmied
Translated by
Gerald "Jerry" Thomas Boyle

     The government of the people during the settlement period was executed on a local level by an administrator appointed by the count, who not only collected taxes but expected the settlers to give some time to do work for the administrators. The settlers revolted against this idea, as we can see from the following account.

      In mid-January 1785, the count's administrator in Scheindorf ordered the inhabitants to fix a bridge. As the men were gathered, Martin Jung stated that he had personally heard in Erdeed that the Swabians in Maitingen and Gilvatsch did not have to work at bridge-building. The administrator should pay them, or reduce their taxes by a certain amount. As the administrator tried to force them to do the work, they threatened him. The former judge, Hansjorg Koch, who did not agree with the mob, was threatened with corporal punishment. The three arrested leaders were freed by the rebellious farmers.

      On February 8, 1785, a hearing was held by the county commission. This is the report:

Questions to the witnesses:

1. Did you see and hear personally that the administrator wanted to force the residents of Scheindorf, through the judge, to fix the bridge? How and for what reason did the towns-people, especially Josef Koch, Ladislaus Mock, and Xaverius Weiss, seize Mr. Gespan (administrator?). Who took his cane and stirred up the people?

2. How did you threaten him?

3. Why did they beat the judge Hansjorg Koch?

4. When Mr. Gespan threatened the troublemakers and wanted to take them to court, who wanted to free them and what did they say?

      The first witness, Georg Koch, citizen, 24 years old, testified under oath:

      I know with certainty, that four weeks ago, Mr. Gespan, through the judge, ordered the community to repair the bridge on the county road. When the judge gave the order, Martin Jung stepped forward and said that he had heard in Erdeed that neither the Maitinger nor the Gilvatscher Swabians were obligated, according to a court ruling, to build or repair bridges. Upon these words, the residents became unruly and refused to repair the bridge. When Mr. Gespan heard about this, he rode to the judge's house, where everyone had assembled. He asked why no one was going to repair the bridge as ordered. They shouted that they would not do it, that they were not obligated to build bridges without pay. As Mr. Gespan began to ride away, Josef Koch yelled, "Hey, it's going to be different!" When he heard this, Mr. Gespan rode back, got off his horse, and asked who had called out. No one wanted to betray the caller. He guessed that it was Josef Koch, and wanted to hit him. Ladislaus Mock would not let him and said, "You can't hit a poor man". He grabbed Mr. Gespan's arm, while Xaverius Weiss held his cane back.

      While this was going on, Johann Mock yelled out that he would sooner shed his own blood than to allow such an offense against his brother.

      When Mr. Gespan saw that the whole community was becoming unruly, he rode back to his home. After 14 days, he presented the ringleaders to the authorities. He ordered the townspeople to assemble under the threat of a fine of three Mariasch. They assembled in court, but made so much noise that Mr. Gespan, who wanted to avoid a riot, freed the three men.

      The second witness, Martin Mohr, town judge, 32 years old, testified under oath:

      In my own house, as Hansjorg Koch accused him of stirring up the townspeople because of the bridge building; Martin Jung said: "Yes, you think I am a brave man, because I have insisted that we are not obligated to build bridges". During this noise, I heard Johannes Mock speaking to Hansjorg Koch. I would rather shed my own blood than to allow what is happening to my brother. Hansjorg Koch was hit because he wanted to be a rebel. The community became very angry and hit him eight times with a cane.

      I asked the residents to assemble at the request of the arrested men. As they assembled, I tried in vain to calm them. In front of the administrator's house, I heard Josef Renz say: "Don't let the prisoners be taken away". When Mr. Gespan heard the noise, he was forced to free the men.

      The third witness, Johannes Racz, Resident, 28 years old, said under oath:

      I did not hear Martin Jung personally. His proud words I heard from others: "I am a man, you can give me credit, because of me no one has to build bridges any more". 14 days later, Mr. Gespan had everyone arrested who was reported to have yelled at him, and brought to the administration building. All the people came because they were threatened with a fine of 3 Mariasch and they gathered there. In all the confusion, I heard Josef Renz say, "We're not going to let them take the men away!" So Mr. Gespan was forced to let the prisoners go free.

      Further witness was given by Martin Renz, Johannes Koch, Joseph Trajer, Johannes Moch, and Johannes Stadler.

      Unfortunately, we don't know how the situation was resolved.

[Published at DVHH.org 29 Sep 2006 by Jody McKim Pharr]

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